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Hard to answer this in a concise way.
First, yes, with respect to reinjury the answer is yes that once you get concussed the consensus is that you are now more susceptible to future concussive injury, some even believe with lesser impacts as well.
Now with respect to if some people are more likely to be prone to them to begin with the short answer here is to say we really don't know yet with any certainty but generally what we lean to officially is that the answer to that is no, there's no way to figure out who may be more prone to concussive injury.
At least at this point in the literature with respect to it and the current school of thought. But we need to consider that this area of injury study is really still in it's infancy and thus we can postulate some theories. An analogy is apt and helpful here and I'm going to think out loud here for a minute:
Disc herniations. Two patients can have the exact same type and size of disc hernations measured radiographically with essentially the exact same look on film with respect to the disc injury itself and yet have two completely different clinical presentations on examination and evaluation in the office.
One can have unrelenting leg pain (sciatica) and frank weakness in the foot/leg with associated subsequent disability to go along with their back pain symptoms, while the other can have just moderate back pain with no other disabling issue and can keep working through it. The difference? It's all in how their anatomy is unique and potentially different from one another.
Meaning the shape and size of their spinal canals (where the nerves and spinal cord live) is different with one larger in circumference and able to accommodate the disc hernation better and not effected as much by it. It is why some athletes are taken out for good if it's determined they have too small a spinal canal circumference in their cervical (neck) spines for fear of paralysis with basic hits.
So the point here is with respect to Dungy and concussions that perhaps there is a significant variable not yet identified in people like ED. Again current thinking says no. I don't think that he plays any differently or any more recklessly than any other player I've seen.
What may be different is that there's more of him at 6'5"to hit vs these other qb's so much smaller at 5'10"-6'2" who play the same way but who seem to avoid hits better. Maybe his tall lanky yet athletic body style DOES predispose him (again thinking out loud here) and expose him and his head and neck to be hit more.
One other thing too as a possibility. I've been teaching on these issues as a college prof teaching neuroanatomy/spinal anatomy with some sports injuries for 25 years now and have seen literally thousands of calvaria and internal skull anatomy of cadavers and there is some variation in the structure of people skulls with respect to the jagged interior of the skull anatomy itself (I'll try and post a pic or two in a subsequent edit).
So perhaps those with more jagged hard bone internal skull anatomies will have more problems when their brains are sloshed around?
And more food for thought and an interesting idea potentially for possible study is that perhaps there is a difference is the sub dural/sub arachnoid/epidural space (distance and space from brain to hard bone skull) from person to person.
Meaning just like in peoples spinal canals discussed above with how some have larger spinal canals vs others, and those have smaller ones and thus have the diagnosis of "stenosis" mentioned above but never named, an interesting possibility worthy of thought would be to see if concussed individual have reduced sub dural spaces vs. the average sized person, thus, theoretically making it easier for their brains to hit the hard bony skulls with subsequent injury.
Lots of food for thought and thanks for the question to get the noggin thinking a bit.